an expression or declaration of objection, disapproval, or dissent, often in opposition to something a person is powerless to prevent or avoid

a protest against increased taxation.

Commerce .

a formal notarial certificate attesting the fact that a check, note, or bill of exchange has been presented for acceptance or payment and that it has been refused.

the action taken to fix the liability for a dishonored bill of exchange or note.

Law .

(upon one's payment of a tax or other state or city exaction) a formal statement disputing the legality of the demand.

a written and attested declaration made by the master of a ship stating the circumstances under which some damage has happened to the ship or cargo, or other circumstances involving the liability of the officers, crew, etc.

Sports . a formal objection or complaint made to an official.

to give manifest expression to objection or disapproval; remonstrate.

to make solemn or earnest declaration.

to make a protest or remonstrance against; object to.

to say in protest or remonstrance.

to declare solemnly or earnestly; affirm; assert.

to make a formal declaration of the nonacceptance or nonpayment of (a bill of exchange or note).

Obsolete . to call to witness.