a part or an individual taken as exemplifying a whole mass or number; a typical animal, plant, mineral, part, etc.

(in medicine, microbiology, etc.) a sample of a substance or material for examination or study

a urine specimen; a tissue specimen.

a particular or peculiar kind of person.

noun

case , case history , copy , cross section , embodiment , exemplar , exemplification , exhibit , illustration , individual , instance , model , part , pattern , proof , representation , representative , sampling , sort , species , type , unit , variety , sample , examination , example , mark , person , prototype